一次性玉米澱粉餐具中的聚合（hé）物及澱粉基塑（sù）料

一次性玉米（mǐ）澱粉餐具所用的玉米澱粉是一種天然的可生物降（jiàng）解聚合物，在微生（shēng）物的作用下先分解為葡（pú）萄糖，然後再分解為水（shuǐ）和二氧化碳。聚合（hé）物分兩步降解（jiě）：

The corn starch used in disposable corn starch tableware is a natural biodegradable polymer, which is first decomposed into glucose under the action of microorganisms, and then decomposed into water and carbon dioxide. The polymer is degraded in two steps:

1、在被（bèi）細菌和其他微生物侵入後，澱粉慢（màn）慢失去其原始形態，並在聚合物中形成多孔結構，從而逐漸增加其表（biǎo）麵積（jī）。

1. After being invaded by bacteria and other microorganisms, starch gradually loses its original form and forms porous structure in the polymer, thus gradually increasing its surface area.

2、聚合物通過自氧化反應生成過氧化（huà）物，將分子鏈斷裂為低分子量片段，並達到（dào）可被微生物代謝的階段。

2. The polymer generates peroxide through autoxidation reaction, breaks the molecular chain into low molecular weight segments, and reaches the stage where it can be metabolized by microorganisms.

一（yī）次（cì）性玉米澱粉餐具中的澱粉基塑料分為三類∶澱粉共混、全澱粉以（yǐ）及可澱粉填充。

Starch based plastics in disposable corn starch tableware can be divided into three categories: starch blending, whole starch and starch filling.

1、澱粉填充塑料：澱粉填充塑料是指填充澱粉的特種（zhǒng）塑（sù）料（如PE）。以澱粉填充（chōng）塑料（liào）PE為例，其生（shēng）產（chǎn）工藝是將澱粉幹燥含水（shuǐ）率小於1%，然（rán）後加入增容劑、氧化劑等

1. Starch filled plastics: starch filled plastics refer to special plastics (such as PE) filled with starch. Take starch filled plastic PE as an example, its production process is to dry the starch until the moisture content is less than 1%, and then add compatibilizer, oxidant, etc

共混澱粉與PE共混，然後按原方法加工成膜。其（qí）主（zhǔ）要特點是（shì）澱粉的添加量相對較低且小於（yú）30%，且降解速度較慢，因此不會降解，可能會造成二次汙染，因（yīn）此（cǐ）應謹慎使用（yòng）。

Blended starch is blended with PE, and then processed into film according to the original method. Its main feature is that the addition amount of starch is relatively low and less than 30%, and the degradation speed is slow, so it will not be degraded, which may cause secondary pollution, so it should be used with caution.

2、澱粉共（gòng）混塑料：澱粉共混（hún）塑料主要（yào）由樹脂（zhī）和凝膠澱（diàn）粉組成（chéng）。有三種方法可以提高（gāo）澱粉和樹脂之間的相容性：

2. Starch blend plastic: starch blend plastic is mainly composed of resin and gel starch. There are three ways to improve the compatibility between starch and resin:

（1）澱粉改性，如澱粉接枝改性（xìng）、表麵（miàn）偶聯處理等。

(1) Starch modification, such as starch grafting modification, surface coupling treatment, etc.

（2）聚乙烯改性，如馬來酸酐接枝；

(2) Polyethylene modification, such as maleic anhydride grafting;

（3）添（tiān）加增容（róng）劑，如EVA、澱粉接枝PMMA、澱粉接枝PS、澱粉接（jiē）枝MAH、澱粉接枝SBS等。

(3) Add compatibilizers, such as EVA, starch grafted PMMA, starch grafted PS, starch grafted MAH, starch grafted SBS, etc.

（3）全澱粉塑料：全澱粉塑料是指在一定量的增塑（sù）劑作用下，澱粉現有分子結構被破壞而形成的物質。這種澱粉塑（sù）料經分解後，可作為農業有機肥使（shǐ）用，對環境無不良影（yǐng）響。

(3) All starch plastic: All starch plastic refers to the material formed by destroying the existing molecular structure of starch under the action of a certain amount of plasticizer. After decomposition, the starch plastic can be used as agricultural organic fertilizer without adverse effects on the environment.

就（jiù）環境汙染程度而言，一次性玉米澱粉餐具是一種很有前途的產品，可降解澱粉基材料製成的餐具有著機械強度強、柔韌性好（hǎo）、耐（nài）衝擊、耐溫、耐油、不軟化、不變形、可塑性好等特點（diǎn）。您有需求可以隨時（shí）來我們網站https://www.shuiniguan.com進行（háng）谘詢！

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